What's the the temperature of a cup of water with ice and one with salt added?
What's causes water tension?
Originally posted by Jiani:What's the the temperature of a cup of water with ice and one with salt added?
What's causes water tension?
Hydrogen bonds generate water tension, and the adhesion-cohesion properties of water.
With added salt (eg. Na+ and Cl-), ion-dipole interactions (of the ions with the polar water molecules) disrupt the tetrahedral lattice of hydrogen bonds of ice, hence causing ice to melt at 0 deg C.
This allows water to exist in liquid state below 0 deg C, and also allows the temperature of the water in the cup to be depressed slightly below 0 deg C (the extent of this also depends on the rate of thermal transfer with the surroundings).